You can read more about preloading in our introduction to PHP 7.4. Preloading provides a way to store a specified set of scripts into OPcache memory “ before any application code is run.” Still, it doesn’t bring tangible performance improvement for typical web-based applications. OPcache has been recently improved with the implementation of preloading, a new OPcache feature added with PHP 7.4. Zend OPcache section in a phpinfo page Preloading Suggested reading: How to Improve PHP Memory Limit in WordPress. PHP execution process with OPcache enabledĪs of PHP 5.5, the Zend OPcache extension is available by default, and you can check if you have it correctly configured by simply calling phpinfo() from a script on your server or checking out your php.ini file (see OPcache configuration settings). Since PHP bytecodes are stored in shared memory, they are immediately available as low-level intermediate representation and can be executed on the Zend VM right away. With OPcache enabled, the PHP interpreter goes through the 4 stage process mentioned above only when the script runs for the first time. “OPcache improves PHP performance by storing precompiled script bytecode in shared memory, thereby removing the need for PHP to load and parse scripts on each request.” This is where the OPcache extension comes in to play: This may result in wasting CPU resources and additional time. This means, when a PHP script runs, the interpreter parses, compiles, and executes the code over and over again on each request. So, how does OPcache make PHP faster? And what changes in the execution process with JIT? The following image shows a visual representation of the basic PHP execution process. Interpretation: Opcodes are interpreted and run on the Zend VM.Compilation: The interpreter traverses the tree and translates AST nodes into low-level Zend opcodes, which are numeric identifiers determining the type of instruction performed by the Zend VM.Parsing: The interpreter checks if the script matches the syntax rules and uses tokens to build an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST), a hierarchical representation of the structure of source code.Lexing/Tokenizing: First, the interpreter reads the PHP code and builds a set of tokens.To better understand what JIT is for PHP, let’s take a quick look at how PHP executes the source code to the final result. Uncover performance bottlenecks to deliver a better user experience and hit your business’s revenue goals.
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